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We released Titanic
25 years ago.
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But despite all our
efforts to make the film
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as accurate as possible...
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There's one thing some
fans just can't accept.
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They insist Jack
could have survived if
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he climbed on that floating
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piece of debris with Rose.
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People even claim
to have proved it.
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Of course, Jack and Rose
were fictional characters.
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Nearly 1,500 real
people died that night,
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and my aim was to
honor their memory.
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You know, imagine all of these
people out there in the ocean.
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This is the crowd that
was floating at sea.
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But if we look at Jack
and Rose's plight as a
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reflection of real events, it
raises interesting questions.
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What actually happened
when Titanic sank?
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Would having more lifeboats
onboard have saved more lives?
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I think I probably would cut
faster if my life depended on it.
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To find the answers, I'm going
to revisit some relevant tests
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my team of experts and
I have conducted...
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Yes!
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Then, for the first time,
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I'm going to recreate
Jack and Rose on the raft
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in a controlled
laboratory setting.
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So we're taking them to
clinical hypothermia.
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ROSE Jack!
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And one, two...
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Three...
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I don't think he could
sustain this for very long.
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We'll find out, once and
for all, whether Jack
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could have survived
the sinking of Titanic.
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Well, I think we've seen enough.
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Jim Cameron's Titanic was
beyond anybody's expectations.
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We knew when we were working
on it, it was going to be epic.
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What a great setting for a
love story, this fantastic
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shipwreck that has fascinated
people for decades anyway,
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presented so vividly
and so accurately.
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To go back there is to
risk being pulled down into
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that icy water with them.
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So it's really a choice between
your lives and their lives.
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James Cameron brought Titanic
back to life as I have
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tried to do through my
entire life with my paintings
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and you can't put
enough value on that.
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I knew the old
lady in her grave,
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that's the Titanic I knew.
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Jim showed me this
beautiful young woman,
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we sailors tend to
think of ships as women.
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He showed me that
beautiful ship.
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I just loved it.
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That movie used Titanic
as a stage to tell
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a teenage love story.
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It wasn't meant to be
a historical narrative,
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but it created a passion in
Jim to follow up that movie
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with actual expeditions to the
actual wreck and because of
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that continued interest that
goes way beyond a feature film,
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we have made discoveries
and learned things that have
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actually changed
the history and our
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understanding of Titanic.
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Are you ready to
go back to Titanic?
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On April 14th, 1912 at
11:40 pm, the RMS Titanic
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struck an iceberg
during its maiden voyage
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from Southampton, England
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to New York City.
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Two hours and 40 minutes later,
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it sank to bottom of
the Atlantic Ocean.
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Of the more than 2,200
passengers and crew onboard,
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just over 700
survived that night.
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The wreck remained lost at sea
until 1985, when oceanographer
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Robert Ballard discovered
it while on a secret mission
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for the US Navy.
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His expedition changed the
way we explore the deep,
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and changed my life.
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Bob and I recently met at the Ronald
Reagan Presidential Library to take
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a look at their
exhibit on Titanic.
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Everybody that dives Titanic
has their own story of seeing
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it for the first time.
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And probably the most
frequently asked question
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to me is, what was it like
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seeing the wreck
for the first time?
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I get asked that,
"What was it like?"
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And I always wanna tell them
the story they want to hear...
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Right.
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Which was, there she
was and, you know,
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this beautiful, stately ruin...
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Yeah, right, right,
right, right.
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Coming out of the darkness.
But that's not what happened.
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No.
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Oh, I remember when we,
this was where we came in,
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we landed here and...
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It's a cliff.
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The, you know,
the wall of China.
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I mean, it's just a wall.
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And the first thing I recognized
was the Anti-fouling paint.
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Yeah, the red. It was pink.
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The red paint, right?
It was still pink.
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And I said, "Too bad they
didn't paint the whole ship
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with that stuff."
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Yeah, and the bilge
keel was sitting on top
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of the sand, it was
back, back here.
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Exactly, it was
right, right there.
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And then the pilot, he
said, "We got to go."
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Yeah.
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So he dropped his weights
and then we began our ascent.
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But then these eyes.
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Yeah, which is your
lights kicking back.
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Your lights, all
the eyes of the,
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like the people in,
were looking at us.
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Did you get spooked?
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It was spooky, yeah.
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Because we were
now in free ascent.
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There was no, we couldn't stop,
you dropped all your weights.
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And it was just all these
eyes and then we cleared it.
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It was amazing.
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That's pretty much what
it looked like to me
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the first time except we
were down here someplace.
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And we came in on
her, right about here.
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Yeah.
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And we had come across
this bermed-up mud...
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Yeah, yeah.
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He came up and we
just cleared here.
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Yeah, all right.
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And then we wound
up sitting up here.
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Yeah.
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But there's also nothing
cooler than coming up
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on her from the,
from the, from the...
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Yeah. Yeah, that
was our second dive.
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Right. And that's
the money shot.
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And that's the money
shot looking up.
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We did it for fake in
the movie and it's...
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You never...
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It's the transition shot
where it goes into 1912.
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Yeah, yeah.
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So we come past,
past old Rose's face.
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We come to that shot of
the stem, the vertical bow,
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and then we, we
transition into 1912.
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And we crane up over it
and we see the whole ship.
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Keep it coming.
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Uh, watch your mate there, sir.
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Come one. Come
on get in a row.
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Watch your bag. I'll
give you a tour.
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If we're going to seriously
consider the question
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of whether Jack and Rose
both could have survived,
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we need to look at the hardships
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they endured that night.
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For starters, the shocking
way the ship broke apart.
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The film Titanic depicted
what we believed was
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an accurate portrayal of
the ship's last hours.
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We showed it sinking bow first,
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lifting the stern
high in the air before
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its massive weight
broke the vessel in two.
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Over the past 20 years, I've
been trying to figure out
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if we got that right.
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I've dived to the wreck
dozens of times and I brought
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in naval engineers to analyze all
the complex variables at work.
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Now, I wanna take it to the
next level, doing an actual,
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real-world physical test of
the sinking that incorporates
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the new information
we've gathered.
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Will it sink the
way we portrayed it?
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I don't know.
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Our mission is to mirror
the physics at work as best
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we can, and see what happens.
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There's a gazillion
theories floating around,
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there always have been.
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We wanna come up with
a credible theory.
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The whole purpose of
this investigation
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is to understand, does this
hang on or does it go away?
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And I've been talking
about the bow swinging down
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and breaking off for 20 years,
but I never had any proof.
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It's just outside of
science at this point.
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And I thought, we'll just
build a model and break it.
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I, I have no way of saying that
that is in fact what happened,
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but I'd like to be able to
rule it in as a possibility.
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'Cause then, I don't have
to remake the fricking film.
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We're gonna be doing practical
rigging with pyrotechnics, and
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sinking it in a tank.
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I immediately thought
of Gene Warren.
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I've known him forever, and
we've done a few projects
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together over the years.
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Let's think about what would
be the best way to help
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hold that up when this breaks.
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He wanted us to do a
disaster forensics on really
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what happened when Titanic sank.
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Because water is water.
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Water doesn't
change its dynamics.
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Let's see what the bow does.
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Let's see what the stern does,
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and recreate what
might've happened.
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I've been wanting to
do this damn model test
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for a long time.
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I knew that trying to
incorporate all the lessons
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we'd learned about the sinking into
a single model test wouldn't be easy.
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Well, that's not what
I believe happened.
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But I was about to find out
just how hard it would be.
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"You're not following
what I'm saying."
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Why did the Titanic go
down the way it did?
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The mystery of the
ship's sinking has
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puzzled me for decades.
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Iceberg right ahead!
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In the movie, it breaks,
and the stern falls
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back with a big wave, and
then the bow pulls it down,
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and then it's stern
stands up straight.
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And then the bow breaks off,
sinks straight down, and that
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stern's sittin' there
and it slowly goes down.
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It's a dramatic image,
and as accurate as I could
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make it at the time.
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But I've never stopped
trying to find out
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exactly what happened.
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Over the years, our little
analysis team has used
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00:08:37,810 --> 00:08:41,165
a wide variety of source
material in order to try and
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put together the pieces
of the puzzle that is
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the sinking of the Titanic.
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We know from the
wreck exactly where
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the steel broke.
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Right to the rivet.
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Jim's exploration of the
bow section has fine-tuned
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00:08:53,701 --> 00:08:56,805
our understanding of what was
going on during the flooding
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00:08:56,829 --> 00:08:58,932
and during the descent
to the ocean floor.
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We got a mass that's
knocked aft, all the B deck
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00:09:02,126 --> 00:09:06,940
forward-facing windows
broken, broken, broken.
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00:09:06,964 --> 00:09:11,361
To me, that all adds up to a
very strong longitudinal flow
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over the ship.
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We see a consistent pattern
of the effects of an almost
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00:09:15,389 --> 00:09:19,036
hurricane-like flow of water
from the front of the ship
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00:09:19,060 --> 00:09:20,788
toward the back of the ship.
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That can only be explained
by the ship sinking
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vertically straight down.
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Big piece of the keel, 70
feet long two big frames
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of the double bottom, were found
way out in the debris field.
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They had been
ripped off the ship.
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By what?
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Well, they'd been ripped
off by the bow separating.
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Bit by bit, putting all these
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little data points together,
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we're essentially able
to reverse-engineer
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00:09:42,667 --> 00:09:45,646
major key frames of the sinking.
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We engaged the United
States Navy to build
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two computer simulation
models of Titanic.
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One showed us how the
water progressed through
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the ship as it sank.
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The other measures the
stresses in a hull.
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And what it told us was,
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Titanic didn't need to rise
90 degrees out of the water.
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00:10:03,020 --> 00:10:06,375
The model calculated
approximately 23 degrees
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00:10:06,399 --> 00:10:09,002
before the peak stresses were
realized in the structure
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00:10:09,026 --> 00:10:10,462
and she broke.
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00:10:10,486 --> 00:10:14,633
But for a ship the size of
Titanic to sink, there's an
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00:10:14,657 --> 00:10:17,636
unlimited number of variables
going on during the sinking.
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00:10:17,660 --> 00:10:19,012
The computer simulation
249
00:10:19,036 --> 00:10:20,556
would bear some of that out, but
250
00:10:20,580 --> 00:10:22,099
too many variables to nail down
251
00:10:22,123 --> 00:10:23,308
exactly what would happened,
252
00:10:23,332 --> 00:10:25,102
so we got to try a
different dimension,
253
00:10:25,126 --> 00:10:27,187
and that's where the
physical model comes in.
254
00:10:27,211 --> 00:10:29,523
Hydrodynamically, it's
got to be pretty close to
255
00:10:29,547 --> 00:10:31,358
what the ship was, I think.
256
00:10:31,382 --> 00:10:32,776
It's a one-off model.
257
00:10:32,800 --> 00:10:34,903
It's not a 100% accurate in
some of its fine details,
258
00:10:34,927 --> 00:10:36,947
but it was accurate in
terms of the overall shape,
259
00:10:36,971 --> 00:10:39,533
which is all we really need
for a hydrodynamic study.
260
00:10:39,557 --> 00:10:41,618
The biggest part was
having this model
261
00:10:41,642 --> 00:10:45,372
float and then sink, like
we learned from all of
262
00:10:45,396 --> 00:10:46,832
our research gathering.
263
00:10:46,856 --> 00:10:48,333
It's a known length,
right, 70 feet?
264
00:10:48,357 --> 00:10:49,626
Yes.
265
00:10:49,650 --> 00:10:51,128
70 feet from the,
from the break aft.
266
00:10:51,152 --> 00:10:52,629
From the break point here.
267
00:10:52,653 --> 00:10:54,047
We knew that the model was
gonna have to break, so we had
268
00:10:54,071 --> 00:10:57,175
to put in a mechanism that
would allow it to break at
269
00:10:57,199 --> 00:11:01,430
the point where our computer
simulation had indicated.
270
00:11:01,454 --> 00:11:03,098
And so this is the
hinge piece down here?
271
00:11:03,122 --> 00:11:04,641
Yeah, the hinge is right here.
272
00:11:04,665 --> 00:11:07,060
No, that's not what I'm
calling the hinge piece.
273
00:11:07,084 --> 00:11:08,228
The hinge isn't here.
274
00:11:08,252 --> 00:11:09,438
The hinge is here.
275
00:11:09,462 --> 00:11:11,398
Jim, he'd given
us some direction.
276
00:11:11,422 --> 00:11:13,609
Um, we kind of
got it half-right,
277
00:11:13,633 --> 00:11:15,694
but he wanted the hinge
in a different place.
278
00:11:15,718 --> 00:11:17,195
It's what I called
a banana theory,
279
00:11:17,219 --> 00:11:20,490
which is as the ship
broke, that keel,
280
00:11:20,514 --> 00:11:22,492
the strongest part
of the ship held on.
281
00:11:22,516 --> 00:11:24,912
This falls back, and that's
there, and then it rips away.
282
00:11:24,936 --> 00:11:25,954
Mm-hmm. Exactly.
283
00:11:25,978 --> 00:11:27,414
That's your hinge piece.
284
00:11:27,438 --> 00:11:30,334
And as it ripped away, it formed
almost like a third piece.
285
00:11:30,358 --> 00:11:31,734
It's the keel, it goes...
286
00:11:32,735 --> 00:11:34,171
Like that.
287
00:11:34,195 --> 00:11:36,089
No, it doesn't take off yet
necessarily, necessarily.
288
00:11:36,113 --> 00:11:37,382
That's what we wanna understand.
289
00:11:37,406 --> 00:11:38,759
Understand. Right.
290
00:11:38,783 --> 00:11:40,552
It's a kind of a
proof of concept.
291
00:11:40,576 --> 00:11:43,305
We can never prove
what actually happened.
292
00:11:43,329 --> 00:11:46,058
We can only prove what
might have happened.
293
00:11:46,082 --> 00:11:50,103
The hydrodynamic forces on
this were enough to snap
294
00:11:50,127 --> 00:11:52,689
the mast aft, blow
the wheelhouse off.
295
00:11:52,713 --> 00:11:56,401
Jim came in and looked at
it, and what he did not see
296
00:11:56,425 --> 00:11:59,488
is the water flow that
accounts for a lot of
297
00:11:59,512 --> 00:12:01,198
the damage that we've
seen at the wreck.
298
00:12:01,222 --> 00:12:05,827
So he's directed some changes
so that we can truly remove
299
00:12:05,851 --> 00:12:08,622
any latent buoyancy
left in the bow.
300
00:12:08,646 --> 00:12:10,749
We didn't have all the
interior walls and everything
301
00:12:10,773 --> 00:12:13,418
that would have slowed
down the rate of flooding.
302
00:12:13,442 --> 00:12:18,298
So, we used a combination
of sponges and foam, foam to
303
00:12:18,322 --> 00:12:22,177
provide buoyancy, sponges to
provide a delaying factor in
304
00:12:22,201 --> 00:12:25,347
how quickly a space will fill
up with water once flooding.
305
00:12:25,371 --> 00:12:27,307
It' all very catastrophic
right in here
306
00:12:27,331 --> 00:12:29,935
and very fast, which is
the equivalent of this
307
00:12:29,959 --> 00:12:32,562
wicking the water in rapidly.
308
00:12:32,586 --> 00:12:36,483
Each successive run was
basically a fine-tuning of
309
00:12:36,507 --> 00:12:40,362
the model to where we would
see it perform the way
310
00:12:40,386 --> 00:12:41,863
that we knew it had to.
311
00:12:41,887 --> 00:12:43,407
Haven't we sunk
this damn ship yet?
312
00:12:43,431 --> 00:12:44,825
Believe it or not, we're
doing actually exactly,
313
00:12:44,849 --> 00:12:46,076
we're doing the banana peel.
314
00:12:46,100 --> 00:12:48,519
Okay. Well, let's
see what we got.
315
00:12:51,605 --> 00:12:53,458
That thing's buoyant,
so that's no good.
316
00:12:53,482 --> 00:12:55,210
It needs to be negative.
317
00:12:55,234 --> 00:12:56,837
Then we came up with
another problem;
318
00:12:56,861 --> 00:13:00,424
when the ship breaks,
it loses buoyancy.
319
00:13:00,448 --> 00:13:02,426
Our buoyancy was foam.
320
00:13:02,450 --> 00:13:05,804
We couldn't just make it
disappear when it broke.
321
00:13:05,828 --> 00:13:10,058
So we had to come up with a
method to have the foam work
322
00:13:10,082 --> 00:13:13,687
its own way out of the hull to
simulate the loss of buoyancy
323
00:13:13,711 --> 00:13:15,063
after the break.
324
00:13:15,087 --> 00:13:17,983
If they tried to adjust
flotation in this so that
325
00:13:18,007 --> 00:13:21,028
the break happened where
it's always been filmed,
326
00:13:21,052 --> 00:13:22,696
it's too high out of the water.
327
00:13:22,720 --> 00:13:23,864
Oh, yeah.
328
00:13:23,888 --> 00:13:25,282
Yeah, yeah, we definitely
got that wrong.
329
00:13:25,306 --> 00:13:28,035
At that point, it
became a team effort.
330
00:13:28,059 --> 00:13:29,661
I would drill up
this area, right?
331
00:13:29,685 --> 00:13:31,204
Yeah.
332
00:13:31,228 --> 00:13:32,539
This should all be packed
with sponge up in here.
333
00:13:32,563 --> 00:13:34,166
He jumped in with
us like we were at
334
00:13:34,190 --> 00:13:37,461
Roger Corman days, like
he was in his 20s again.
335
00:13:37,485 --> 00:13:39,046
So, we'll probably have
to cut these up, right?
336
00:13:39,070 --> 00:13:42,049
There we were, back rigging
stuff together, and doing tape
337
00:13:42,073 --> 00:13:44,217
and soldering and all
the things that you do.
338
00:13:44,241 --> 00:13:46,011
That wasn't setting the
way back machine for
339
00:13:46,035 --> 00:13:47,512
20 years ago on Titanic.
340
00:13:47,536 --> 00:13:50,724
That was setting it back
to the early '80s for me.
341
00:13:50,748 --> 00:13:52,017
You've done this before.
342
00:13:52,041 --> 00:13:53,042
A few times.
343
00:13:54,168 --> 00:13:56,063
I'm blown my share
of (bleep) up.
344
00:13:56,087 --> 00:13:58,440
We started to figure out
how to do it in a way that
345
00:13:58,464 --> 00:14:02,986
we fine-tune the breakup
by changing that timing.
346
00:14:03,010 --> 00:14:05,572
We could have the stern fall
back more, or fall back less,
347
00:14:05,596 --> 00:14:07,848
have the bow swing down
more or swing down less.
348
00:14:09,225 --> 00:14:10,744
When we did our
computer simulation,
349
00:14:10,768 --> 00:14:13,914
there was a moment where the
stresses on the ship exceeded
350
00:14:13,938 --> 00:14:16,458
the strength of the material.
351
00:14:16,482 --> 00:14:18,794
And that's when it
should have broken.
352
00:14:18,818 --> 00:14:22,464
And that happened when the
ship tilted to 23 degrees.
353
00:14:22,488 --> 00:14:25,967
So when we sank the ship at
23 degrees, it seemed to do
354
00:14:25,991 --> 00:14:27,719
everything that was observed.
355
00:14:27,743 --> 00:14:29,262
We said it broke at 23 degrees.
356
00:14:29,286 --> 00:14:32,182
So, we were actually breaking
at around 25, 26 degrees,
357
00:14:32,206 --> 00:14:33,850
according to this crude test.
358
00:14:33,874 --> 00:14:36,019
But I mean I think, you know,
it's telling us something.
359
00:14:36,043 --> 00:14:37,437
We're homing in on this.
360
00:14:37,461 --> 00:14:39,523
And in fact, that was even
increased when it broke,
361
00:14:39,547 --> 00:14:42,359
the stern kind of popped
up a little bit and
362
00:14:42,383 --> 00:14:43,860
you could kind of see the break.
363
00:14:43,884 --> 00:14:47,155
And the bow swung down and
detached and fell vertically.
364
00:14:47,179 --> 00:14:49,366
So we feel pretty comfortable
that it, that it was somewhere
365
00:14:49,390 --> 00:14:53,787
between maybe 20 and 30
degrees of tilt when it broke.
366
00:14:53,811 --> 00:14:54,788
All right, here we go.
367
00:14:54,812 --> 00:14:56,856
Let's do it, let's roll.
368
00:14:59,733 --> 00:15:03,130
All right, so props are clear.
369
00:15:03,154 --> 00:15:05,715
And it breaks right
at the water line.
370
00:15:05,739 --> 00:15:07,551
Oh, that's sweet.
Comes up a little bit.
371
00:15:07,575 --> 00:15:09,326
Sweet.
372
00:15:11,412 --> 00:15:13,890
Swings down, pulls the
stern more vertical.
373
00:15:13,914 --> 00:15:15,183
That's the banana model.
374
00:15:15,207 --> 00:15:18,419
Check that out! Touchdown!
375
00:15:19,211 --> 00:15:21,314
We did see some scenarios
played out almost
376
00:15:21,338 --> 00:15:22,899
exactly as it was filmed.
377
00:15:22,923 --> 00:15:25,485
The stern going
under vertically,
378
00:15:25,509 --> 00:15:27,487
giving Jack and Rose
their few moments,
379
00:15:27,511 --> 00:15:29,197
right there at the fan tail.
380
00:15:29,221 --> 00:15:31,616
As the stern came up,
and went vertical,
381
00:15:31,640 --> 00:15:34,119
it always turned
almost 90 degrees.
382
00:15:34,143 --> 00:15:36,204
And that's exactly
what people saw.
383
00:15:36,228 --> 00:15:38,248
Now people describe it
standing up like, uh,
384
00:15:38,272 --> 00:15:41,418
like a tower or like a finger
pointing at the sky and
385
00:15:41,442 --> 00:15:42,711
that's exactly what we saw.
386
00:15:42,735 --> 00:15:45,338
Yes! Vertical stern!
387
00:15:45,362 --> 00:15:47,507
Yes!
388
00:15:47,531 --> 00:15:49,801
It's not like we did a
battery of 100 runs with
389
00:15:49,825 --> 00:15:51,386
a very precision model.
390
00:15:51,410 --> 00:15:54,472
But I think it does show what
is possible to have happened.
391
00:15:54,496 --> 00:15:56,683
I think what we're seeing
is there's a range, right?
392
00:15:56,707 --> 00:15:59,728
You can get it to where
the stern falls back.
393
00:15:59,752 --> 00:16:03,273
But then it doesn't go
vertical when it goes under.
394
00:16:03,297 --> 00:16:06,151
We found out that you can have
the stern sink vertically and
395
00:16:06,175 --> 00:16:09,154
you can have the stern fall
back with a big splash,
396
00:16:09,178 --> 00:16:10,947
but you can't have both.
397
00:16:10,971 --> 00:16:13,742
So the film is wrong on
one point or the other.
398
00:16:13,766 --> 00:16:17,746
I tend to think it's wrong on
the fall back of the stern,
399
00:16:17,770 --> 00:16:21,273
because of what we see
at the bow of the wreck.
400
00:16:23,442 --> 00:16:27,881
There are about five or six
instances of hydrodynamic effects,
401
00:16:27,905 --> 00:16:29,925
and there's only one
way that can happen.
402
00:16:29,949 --> 00:16:33,178
It swung down, and it
shot off like a bomb
403
00:16:33,202 --> 00:16:34,679
dropping straight down.
404
00:16:34,703 --> 00:16:38,016
So, I think we can rule in
the possibility of a vertical
405
00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:40,977
stern sinking, and I think we
can rule out the possibility
406
00:16:41,001 --> 00:16:43,813
of it both falling back
and then going vertical.
407
00:16:43,837 --> 00:16:45,774
We were sort of
half-right in the movie.
408
00:16:45,798 --> 00:16:49,069
With each thing that we
try, each step that we take,
409
00:16:49,093 --> 00:16:50,695
I think we're getting
closer and closer to
410
00:16:50,719 --> 00:16:52,322
what actually did
happen that night.
411
00:16:52,346 --> 00:16:53,657
Okay, let's do it again.
412
00:16:53,681 --> 00:16:55,099
That was perfect.
Let's do it again.
413
00:16:56,642 --> 00:17:00,163
I'm constantly fascinated by
the engineering, the hardware,
414
00:17:00,187 --> 00:17:02,916
the forensics, and I'll
get very excited about
415
00:17:02,940 --> 00:17:04,501
the ideas, you know.
416
00:17:04,525 --> 00:17:07,462
You always have to kind of
grab yourself by the scruff of
417
00:17:07,486 --> 00:17:09,881
your neck and remind yourself
what happened there was a real
418
00:17:09,905 --> 00:17:13,176
tragedy that happened to
real people, and it still
419
00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:16,346
resonates down through time
in this very powerful way.
420
00:17:16,370 --> 00:17:19,391
But sometimes you forget
that in the moment, but I try
421
00:17:19,415 --> 00:17:22,018
never to forget
it for very long.
422
00:17:22,042 --> 00:17:24,646
In our movie, Jack and Rose
were among the hundreds of
423
00:17:24,670 --> 00:17:27,941
passengers who plunged
into the freezing water.
424
00:17:27,965 --> 00:17:30,527
The safest place to be
was in a lifeboat...
425
00:17:30,551 --> 00:17:33,113
Which brings up
another controversy.
426
00:17:33,137 --> 00:17:35,198
If the ship had more lifeboats,
427
00:17:35,222 --> 00:17:37,391
could more people
have been saved?
428
00:17:40,894 --> 00:17:43,707
Mr. Andrews, forgive me.
429
00:17:43,731 --> 00:17:46,251
I did the sum in my head,
430
00:17:46,275 --> 00:17:47,752
and with the number of lifeboats
431
00:17:47,776 --> 00:17:51,006
times the capacity you
mentioned, forgive me,
432
00:17:51,030 --> 00:17:54,009
but it seems there are not
enough for everyone aboard.
433
00:17:54,033 --> 00:17:55,909
About half, actually.
434
00:17:56,577 --> 00:17:58,096
Titanic carried 20
lifeboats, but they only
435
00:17:58,120 --> 00:18:01,016
managed to launch 18
in an hour and a half.
436
00:18:01,040 --> 00:18:02,726
Now we've all been told
that if the ship carried
437
00:18:02,750 --> 00:18:05,103
more boats, more lives
could have been saved.
438
00:18:05,127 --> 00:18:07,355
But would that really
have made a difference?
439
00:18:07,379 --> 00:18:11,067
Could the crew have launched
more boats in the time they had?
440
00:18:11,091 --> 00:18:12,986
I've wondered about
this for a long time,
441
00:18:13,010 --> 00:18:15,596
and we never tested
it until now.
442
00:18:17,473 --> 00:18:20,452
So what we did was we
took a replica lifeboat
443
00:18:20,476 --> 00:18:22,704
left over from the
movie with a set
444
00:18:22,728 --> 00:18:24,164
of davits mounted on top
445
00:18:24,188 --> 00:18:27,334
a platform that was tall
enough to represent the height
446
00:18:27,358 --> 00:18:30,795
of the promenade deck,
boat deck being up on top.
447
00:18:30,819 --> 00:18:34,883
Got a crew to man and lower
the lifeboat so that we could
448
00:18:34,907 --> 00:18:37,844
see how long it took.
449
00:18:37,868 --> 00:18:39,763
We figured that it would take
about two minutes to roll
450
00:18:39,787 --> 00:18:41,389
the canvas back on
these lifeboats.
451
00:18:41,413 --> 00:18:42,849
Roll back that cover!
452
00:18:42,873 --> 00:18:44,142
Roll back that cover!
453
00:18:44,166 --> 00:18:46,502
So we preset our
clock to 2:00 minutes.
454
00:18:48,962 --> 00:18:50,649
Okay, so the ropes are in,
455
00:18:50,673 --> 00:18:52,567
and you guys know
what to do, right,
456
00:18:52,591 --> 00:18:53,777
to get them flaked
out on the deck?
457
00:18:53,801 --> 00:18:55,195
Mm-hmm. Yes.
458
00:18:55,219 --> 00:18:56,655
You gonna do that sort
of there and there so
459
00:18:56,679 --> 00:18:57,947
we need to stay out of this.
460
00:18:57,971 --> 00:18:59,949
No, we, we can put
it right there.
461
00:18:59,973 --> 00:19:01,201
Well, put it where you would have done
it if you were really on the ship.
462
00:19:01,225 --> 00:19:02,661
Okay.
463
00:19:02,685 --> 00:19:03,870
And if we're in your
way, then move us out of
464
00:19:03,894 --> 00:19:06,039
the way because we're
curious passengers,
465
00:19:06,063 --> 00:19:08,124
and you're having to yell
at us to get out of the way.
466
00:19:08,148 --> 00:19:10,126
Politely of course because
we're also, you know,
467
00:19:10,150 --> 00:19:13,588
rich passengers in the
first class area of Titanic.
468
00:19:13,612 --> 00:19:15,006
And it's noisy.
469
00:19:15,030 --> 00:19:18,551
So, when we say go,
ready the boat and then
470
00:19:18,575 --> 00:19:20,136
tell us when it's ready, okay?
471
00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:22,722
Yeah. Bring lines on deck.
472
00:19:22,746 --> 00:19:24,790
Clock is running.
473
00:19:38,762 --> 00:19:41,098
Remove cradle.
474
00:19:43,183 --> 00:19:45,060
Swing boat out.
475
00:19:47,604 --> 00:19:49,541
Yeah, you can see
how geared down it is
476
00:19:49,565 --> 00:19:50,834
on that lead screw.
477
00:19:50,858 --> 00:19:52,711
It takes a lot of cranks
to get that davit to
478
00:19:52,735 --> 00:19:55,130
move just a few feet.
479
00:19:55,154 --> 00:19:56,923
Keep it cleared, keep cranking!
480
00:19:56,947 --> 00:19:58,717
The other thing you notice is,
481
00:19:58,741 --> 00:20:01,594
was the voice commands by the
officer coordinating the two sides.
482
00:20:01,618 --> 00:20:03,538
And in the beginning with
that steam going off...
483
00:20:04,872 --> 00:20:06,307
They're gonna have
trouble hearing.
484
00:20:06,331 --> 00:20:07,851
Somebody would have to
yell back and forth or
485
00:20:07,875 --> 00:20:10,228
somebody would just have to
see the other guys working and
486
00:20:10,252 --> 00:20:13,630
just imitate, because they
couldn't hear anything.
487
00:20:20,429 --> 00:20:22,473
Okay, good!
488
00:20:25,142 --> 00:20:26,745
Lower boat embarkation deck!
489
00:20:26,769 --> 00:20:28,788
So, at what point do
they start loading it?
490
00:20:28,812 --> 00:20:30,540
So they're going to
lower down to the edge
491
00:20:30,564 --> 00:20:31,708
of the boat deck.
492
00:20:31,732 --> 00:20:32,876
'Cause then you
just step into it.
493
00:20:32,900 --> 00:20:34,461
Right. You wanna step into it,
494
00:20:34,485 --> 00:20:36,337
you do not want them stepping
over it, if you can avoid it.
495
00:20:36,361 --> 00:20:37,922
Right. Hold it!
496
00:20:37,946 --> 00:20:39,132
Secure the boat!
497
00:20:39,156 --> 00:20:40,508
Okay.
498
00:20:40,532 --> 00:20:41,926
All right, stop the clock.
499
00:20:41,950 --> 00:20:43,052
Eight minutes and
30 seconds, wow.
500
00:20:43,076 --> 00:20:45,305
Eight minutes and 30 seconds.
501
00:20:45,329 --> 00:20:47,348
Now we're just gonna have to
just estimate the loading time.
502
00:20:47,372 --> 00:20:49,350
The key here is, is that
you don't know how much
503
00:20:49,374 --> 00:20:52,061
time you have, you've
never practiced this.
504
00:20:52,085 --> 00:20:54,022
But just as a baseline,
let's get some values for how
505
00:20:54,046 --> 00:20:55,690
long it takes to do each
part of the operation.
506
00:20:55,714 --> 00:20:57,233
Yeah, exactly.
507
00:20:57,257 --> 00:20:59,569
So, I think you're, you're
probably looking at a,
508
00:20:59,593 --> 00:21:01,571
a time that varied.
509
00:21:01,595 --> 00:21:04,449
Initially it was probably
slower, as people were reticent,
510
00:21:04,473 --> 00:21:07,368
and then later as they got more
desperate, it probably sped up.
511
00:21:07,392 --> 00:21:08,495
Let's say ten minutes.
512
00:21:08,519 --> 00:21:09,371
Okay. Let's say ten minutes.
513
00:21:09,395 --> 00:21:10,538
Yeah. Okay.
514
00:21:10,562 --> 00:21:12,081
That put us up to 18
and a half minutes.
515
00:21:12,105 --> 00:21:15,043
Now let's see how long it takes
us to lower it one deck level.
516
00:21:15,067 --> 00:21:16,336
Ready? And clock running.
517
00:21:16,360 --> 00:21:19,279
Ready! Okay, lower!
518
00:21:21,490 --> 00:21:23,718
You're right, it did jerks its
way down and look at the...
519
00:21:23,742 --> 00:21:26,036
You can see how jerky it
is even now, not loaded.
520
00:21:26,954 --> 00:21:29,140
It would be like three times
that when it was fully loaded.
521
00:21:29,164 --> 00:21:31,208
That'd make it a
lot harder to lower.
522
00:21:37,839 --> 00:21:40,193
Okay, pull it. Okay.
523
00:21:40,217 --> 00:21:43,363
Stopping the clock.
So what was that?
524
00:21:43,387 --> 00:21:44,405
Just shy of two minutes.
525
00:21:44,429 --> 00:21:45,657
Just shy of two minutes.
526
00:21:45,681 --> 00:21:46,699
Okay, so that's two
minutes to go ten feet.
527
00:21:46,723 --> 00:21:47,951
Mm-hmm.
528
00:21:47,975 --> 00:21:49,202
It's another 50
feet to the water,
529
00:21:49,226 --> 00:21:50,954
so we have to add
another ten minutes.
530
00:21:50,978 --> 00:21:53,665
So that's 30
minutes, 30 seconds.
531
00:21:53,689 --> 00:21:55,208
And they were working
simultaneously.
532
00:21:55,232 --> 00:21:58,378
They were loading passengers
in while they were
533
00:21:58,402 --> 00:21:59,629
cranking out the next boat.
534
00:21:59,653 --> 00:22:00,880
Right.
535
00:22:00,904 --> 00:22:02,590
Then our times can
telescope somewhat.
536
00:22:02,614 --> 00:22:05,718
When you start multiplying
it out, it should have taken
537
00:22:05,742 --> 00:22:07,095
more like two hours.
538
00:22:07,119 --> 00:22:09,222
From the time the lifeboats
were ordered launched,
539
00:22:09,246 --> 00:22:10,974
you had about an
hour and a half.
540
00:22:10,998 --> 00:22:14,143
However they managed it,
they had just enough time
541
00:22:14,167 --> 00:22:15,395
to get those boats off.
542
00:22:15,419 --> 00:22:16,604
Not quite enough time.
543
00:22:16,628 --> 00:22:18,064
Yeah, not quite.
544
00:22:18,088 --> 00:22:19,482
The truth is the last
two boats, the last two
545
00:22:19,506 --> 00:22:21,609
collapsibles were
washed off the ship.
546
00:22:21,633 --> 00:22:23,695
They did not have time.
547
00:22:23,719 --> 00:22:25,822
It's actually pretty amazing
that they managed to launch
548
00:22:25,846 --> 00:22:27,740
as many as lifeboats
as they did.
549
00:22:27,764 --> 00:22:30,243
And what made it even more
challenging was in the final
550
00:22:30,267 --> 00:22:33,329
stages of Titanic sinking,
the lifeboats were being
551
00:22:33,353 --> 00:22:35,707
launched right on
top of each other.
552
00:22:35,731 --> 00:22:38,251
To avoid being crushed,
men were cutting the ropes
553
00:22:38,275 --> 00:22:41,212
connected to the davits
with pocket knives.
554
00:22:41,236 --> 00:22:44,031
I mean, I wanted to see for
myself how difficult that was.
555
00:22:45,115 --> 00:22:47,302
Well, let's raise up one
end of the boat in content.
556
00:22:47,326 --> 00:22:49,554
About one inch
out of the cradle!
557
00:22:49,578 --> 00:22:50,555
And then they want to
cut one of the ropes.
558
00:22:50,579 --> 00:22:51,806
Okay.
559
00:22:51,830 --> 00:22:52,558
No, I was thinking
more like a foot.
560
00:22:52,582 --> 00:22:53,559
One foot?
561
00:22:53,583 --> 00:22:55,584
Let's do an action shot!
562
00:22:56,084 --> 00:22:58,462
Let's raise it up a foot guys.
563
00:22:59,755 --> 00:23:01,065
All right, so who's
gonna do the honors?
564
00:23:01,089 --> 00:23:02,358
What someone
needs... I'll do it.
565
00:23:02,382 --> 00:23:04,176
To go under the
boat? I'll do it.
566
00:23:04,635 --> 00:23:07,155
Whatever happens, Jim,
we'll get it on film.
567
00:23:07,179 --> 00:23:09,282
Exactly! Let's go!
568
00:23:09,306 --> 00:23:10,408
Clock running.
569
00:23:10,432 --> 00:23:11,743
All right.
570
00:23:11,767 --> 00:23:14,412
Jeez, is this an actual knife?
571
00:23:14,436 --> 00:23:15,872
It, it should have been
a really sharp knife.
572
00:23:15,896 --> 00:23:17,248
It's sharp!
573
00:23:17,272 --> 00:23:18,833
But we do know this
type of knife was used.
574
00:23:18,857 --> 00:23:21,169
All right, I'm gonna
go with your expertise.
575
00:23:21,193 --> 00:23:24,446
I think I probably would cut
faster if my life depended on it.
576
00:23:25,864 --> 00:23:27,091
That's promising.
577
00:23:27,115 --> 00:23:29,844
We're getting close. Aw, jeez.
578
00:23:29,868 --> 00:23:31,721
Can you imagine like
50 people screaming?
579
00:23:31,745 --> 00:23:33,598
Yeah. Water coming up?
580
00:23:33,622 --> 00:23:35,516
There's a boat coming down
on your head, don't forget.
581
00:23:35,540 --> 00:23:36,851
Yeah, that too.
582
00:23:36,875 --> 00:23:38,144
It's gonna get dramatic
here in a second.
583
00:23:38,168 --> 00:23:39,252
I can hear it.
584
00:23:40,837 --> 00:23:42,381
All right, that's promising.
585
00:23:48,220 --> 00:23:49,864
Beauty!
586
00:23:49,888 --> 00:23:51,115
And we're free.
587
00:23:51,139 --> 00:23:52,283
Yeah!
588
00:23:52,307 --> 00:23:53,576
So how long did that take?
589
00:23:53,600 --> 00:23:54,869
1:40.
590
00:23:54,893 --> 00:23:56,204
I would say if my
life depended on it,
591
00:23:56,228 --> 00:23:58,706
I could probably shave
about 30 seconds off that.
592
00:23:58,730 --> 00:24:01,066
And you go for a ride!
593
00:24:04,194 --> 00:24:05,838
I think if you had more
lifeboats on that ship,
594
00:24:05,862 --> 00:24:07,632
they would've just
gotten in the way and
595
00:24:07,656 --> 00:24:09,866
it might've cost
hundreds of lives.
596
00:24:10,867 --> 00:24:12,929
We've answered the
lifeboat question.
597
00:24:12,953 --> 00:24:15,556
Now it's time to solve
another controversy.
598
00:24:15,580 --> 00:24:19,143
Could both Rose and
Jack have survived?
599
00:24:19,167 --> 00:24:22,295
I don't think he could
sustain this for very long.
600
00:24:28,719 --> 00:24:31,739
When Titanic sank, almost
1500 people went into
601
00:24:31,763 --> 00:24:34,516
the freezing Arctic water.
602
00:24:36,560 --> 00:24:38,621
Most were wearing lifebelts.
603
00:24:38,645 --> 00:24:41,958
But death came quickly,
not from drowning, but
604
00:24:41,982 --> 00:24:43,918
from the extreme cold.
605
00:24:43,942 --> 00:24:47,296
Floating in 28 degree water,
it doesn't take long for the
606
00:24:47,320 --> 00:24:48,965
body to start shutting down.
607
00:24:48,989 --> 00:24:50,383
Keep swimming.
608
00:24:50,407 --> 00:24:52,677
And eventually you
succumb to hypothermia.
609
00:24:52,701 --> 00:24:55,579
Can anyone hear me?
610
00:24:56,037 --> 00:24:58,266
This is what took the
lives of the passengers who
611
00:24:58,290 --> 00:25:00,184
hadn't made it into lifeboats.
612
00:25:00,208 --> 00:25:02,711
Is there anyone alive out there?
613
00:25:02,961 --> 00:25:04,021
It's pretty daunting
when you see
614
00:25:04,045 --> 00:25:05,398
all the names all at once.
615
00:25:05,422 --> 00:25:07,191
Exactly. I mean...
How many people?
616
00:25:07,215 --> 00:25:10,319
In this? 1,496 people.
617
00:25:10,343 --> 00:25:12,989
You know, imagine all of these
people out there in the ocean.
618
00:25:13,013 --> 00:25:15,932
This is the crowd that
was floating at sea.
619
00:25:19,061 --> 00:25:22,582
You know, you, you get so
into the forensics of it...
620
00:25:22,606 --> 00:25:24,083
Yeah, yes.
621
00:25:24,107 --> 00:25:25,543
You know, and, uh,
studying the wreck and the
622
00:25:25,567 --> 00:25:27,754
breakup of the wreck and
discovering the artifacts and
623
00:25:27,778 --> 00:25:31,799
so on, you really lose sight
of the human tragedy sometimes.
624
00:25:31,823 --> 00:25:34,218
I know, I know that that was
an epiphany for me when I was
625
00:25:34,242 --> 00:25:35,553
there at the wreck
the first time.
626
00:25:35,577 --> 00:25:36,637
Mm-hmm.
627
00:25:36,661 --> 00:25:38,639
You know, how that hit me.
628
00:25:38,663 --> 00:25:40,975
And I'd been studying
it for months, you know,
629
00:25:40,999 --> 00:25:43,269
but it wasn't, now it
wasn't at a remove,
630
00:25:43,293 --> 00:25:44,479
it wasn't a myth anymore.
631
00:25:44,503 --> 00:25:46,296
These were real people.
632
00:25:48,715 --> 00:25:51,486
For the movie, I wrote that
Rose gets onto a piece of
633
00:25:51,510 --> 00:25:54,363
wooden debris that's
too small and unstable
634
00:25:54,387 --> 00:25:56,640
to support them both.
635
00:26:00,310 --> 00:26:01,788
He's in love with her.
636
00:26:01,812 --> 00:26:04,665
He's looking at not clearly,
definitively enough buoyancy
637
00:26:04,689 --> 00:26:07,585
for them both to survive.
638
00:26:07,609 --> 00:26:10,630
Jack's survival might have
come at the price of her life.
639
00:26:10,654 --> 00:26:12,864
And that's all going
through his head.
640
00:26:15,158 --> 00:26:18,095
But ever since the movie came
out, people have insisted
641
00:26:18,119 --> 00:26:20,431
they both could have survived.
642
00:26:20,455 --> 00:26:21,933
I'll never let go!
643
00:26:21,957 --> 00:26:23,768
Fans of the movie have
been going on endlessly
644
00:26:23,792 --> 00:26:25,770
about the fact that
Jack could've lived,
645
00:26:25,794 --> 00:26:27,712
he could've gotten on that door.
646
00:26:28,755 --> 00:26:31,234
So let's test it, let's
do some science, you know,
647
00:26:31,258 --> 00:26:32,902
let's see if he could've lived.
648
00:26:32,926 --> 00:26:36,739
We took two stunt people of the
same age, height, and weight as
649
00:26:36,763 --> 00:26:39,367
Jack and Rose to the
New Zealand laboratory
650
00:26:39,391 --> 00:26:41,369
of Doctor Jim Cotter.
651
00:26:41,393 --> 00:26:44,038
Jim and his team study
the effects of cold on
652
00:26:44,062 --> 00:26:45,498
the human body.
653
00:26:45,522 --> 00:26:48,543
We created an exact replica
of the raft in the movie,
654
00:26:48,567 --> 00:26:50,127
as much as we
could reproduce it,
655
00:26:50,151 --> 00:26:52,964
and we carefully trimmed
it to the same free board,
656
00:26:52,988 --> 00:26:55,633
the same degree of buoyancy
that we see in the film,
657
00:26:55,657 --> 00:26:58,219
and then we started
playing around with like
658
00:26:58,243 --> 00:27:00,304
how could he have gotten
out of that situation
659
00:27:00,328 --> 00:27:03,057
without compromising her safety.
660
00:27:03,081 --> 00:27:04,851
Here we go.
661
00:27:04,875 --> 00:27:08,062
There's a genuine element of
danger to these experiments.
662
00:27:08,086 --> 00:27:09,671
All right.
663
00:27:10,046 --> 00:27:12,316
So we're taking them to
clinical hypothermia.
664
00:27:12,340 --> 00:27:13,651
When you're talking
about hypothermia
665
00:27:13,675 --> 00:27:15,194
you're talking about it
clinically, meaning that
666
00:27:15,218 --> 00:27:17,738
the core, the internal organs,
the heart and everything are
667
00:27:17,762 --> 00:27:19,907
starting to get affected
by the ambient temperature.
668
00:27:19,931 --> 00:27:21,409
Yeah.
669
00:27:21,433 --> 00:27:23,411
Hypothermia sets in when
the body's core temperature
670
00:27:23,435 --> 00:27:26,330
drops to 95 degrees Fahrenheit.
671
00:27:26,354 --> 00:27:29,667
As you cool, you lose blood
flow to your extremities...
672
00:27:29,691 --> 00:27:32,003
And then your organs
begin to shut down.
673
00:27:32,027 --> 00:27:34,839
We're basically seeing
how long it takes Jack
674
00:27:34,863 --> 00:27:37,300
to cool down to 95.
675
00:27:37,324 --> 00:27:39,468
We're not gonna let
him go more than 95,
676
00:27:39,492 --> 00:27:41,387
it's clinically hypothermic,
677
00:27:41,411 --> 00:27:44,015
we shouldn't take
him colder than that.
678
00:27:44,039 --> 00:27:45,725
Our Jack and Rose
have been fitted with
679
00:27:45,749 --> 00:27:47,643
three internal thermometers,
680
00:27:47,667 --> 00:27:50,605
one in the lowest part
of the digestive tract,
681
00:27:50,629 --> 00:27:53,024
one that travels
through the intestine,
682
00:27:53,048 --> 00:27:54,233
and one that sits in the
683
00:27:54,257 --> 00:27:56,819
esophagus next to the heart.
684
00:27:56,843 --> 00:28:00,031
Jack, right now reading 98.6,
685
00:28:00,055 --> 00:28:01,824
baseline core
temperature pretty good.
686
00:28:01,848 --> 00:28:05,685
Rose is just over 98.6.
687
00:28:08,271 --> 00:28:10,124
The pool's water
temperature can't go below
688
00:28:10,148 --> 00:28:12,168
50 degrees Fahrenheit.
689
00:28:12,192 --> 00:28:15,630
So we're running each test
twice as long, to approximate
690
00:28:15,654 --> 00:28:19,383
the effects of 28
degree Arctic water.
691
00:28:19,407 --> 00:28:21,969
Is there anyone alive out there?
692
00:28:21,993 --> 00:28:24,180
Fifth officer Lowe
testified that it was almost
693
00:28:24,204 --> 00:28:26,223
two hours before he
could row back to
694
00:28:26,247 --> 00:28:28,476
rescue people in the water.
695
00:28:28,500 --> 00:28:32,021
In the movie, Rose is
still barely alive,
696
00:28:32,045 --> 00:28:34,231
but Jack has died.
697
00:28:34,255 --> 00:28:35,858
Jack...
698
00:28:35,882 --> 00:28:38,819
So our first experiment
will be a baseline test
699
00:28:38,843 --> 00:28:41,030
to see what would have
really happened to them.
700
00:28:41,054 --> 00:28:42,490
Whoo!
701
00:28:42,514 --> 00:28:43,950
Okay, all right, now
so, come around here...
702
00:28:43,974 --> 00:28:46,243
We put them in the same
position he was in the movie,
703
00:28:46,267 --> 00:28:50,164
put her in the same position
she was in the movie, and saw
704
00:28:50,188 --> 00:28:53,149
how rapidly his core
temperature dropped.
705
00:28:53,525 --> 00:28:56,379
So you're already
shivering pretty intensely.
706
00:28:56,403 --> 00:28:58,381
That's, that's pretty early.
707
00:28:58,405 --> 00:29:01,884
Our Jack is losing heat
even faster than expected.
708
00:29:01,908 --> 00:29:05,179
Rose's core temperature is
dropping much more slowly.
709
00:29:05,203 --> 00:29:07,723
So you were underwater
at the start.
710
00:29:07,747 --> 00:29:08,891
No I don't feel too wet.
711
00:29:08,915 --> 00:29:11,268
I think this coat is
doing a really good job.
712
00:29:11,292 --> 00:29:12,979
Yeah.
713
00:29:13,003 --> 00:29:14,271
It's made out of wool and
that's keeping me quite warm.
714
00:29:14,295 --> 00:29:16,065
Plus the lifejacket as well,
715
00:29:16,089 --> 00:29:17,733
so I feel quite
warm around my core.
716
00:29:17,757 --> 00:29:20,569
You've got three big
benefits over Jack.
717
00:29:20,593 --> 00:29:21,946
Yes.
718
00:29:21,970 --> 00:29:24,490
After only 20 minutes
in Titanic time,
719
00:29:24,514 --> 00:29:26,575
Jack is clinically
hypothermic and has
720
00:29:26,599 --> 00:29:28,703
to be taken out of the water.
721
00:29:28,727 --> 00:29:32,164
In 28 degree water it
can be pretty quick.
722
00:29:32,188 --> 00:29:35,334
People will lose consciousness
and their heart will cease to
723
00:29:35,358 --> 00:29:38,629
function adequately
and pump adequately.
724
00:29:38,653 --> 00:29:40,339
And it was pretty
steep curve and
725
00:29:40,363 --> 00:29:42,216
it was a very clear curve.
726
00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:44,093
He was losing heat fast.
727
00:29:44,117 --> 00:29:45,469
Dropping down. He
wouldn't have made it.
728
00:29:45,493 --> 00:29:47,471
The movie was correct.
729
00:29:47,495 --> 00:29:50,206
Jack could not have survived
as it was played in the film.
730
00:29:51,958 --> 00:29:54,437
But what if Jack and Rose had
tried something different?
731
00:29:54,461 --> 00:29:57,273
With our modern
understanding of hypothermia,
732
00:29:57,297 --> 00:29:59,591
could we save them both?
733
00:30:01,843 --> 00:30:04,488
He clearly made a decision
to sacrifice himself
734
00:30:04,512 --> 00:30:06,699
so she could have all
the buoyancy for herself.
735
00:30:06,723 --> 00:30:08,325
But what if they split it?
736
00:30:08,349 --> 00:30:10,870
So we'll start with you
in that initial position.
737
00:30:10,894 --> 00:30:13,998
The object is to get your
head and shoulders over a bit
738
00:30:14,022 --> 00:30:16,751
toward the far side, 'cause
the idea is if you can get
739
00:30:16,775 --> 00:30:21,047
your core up out of the water,
then you'll be better off.
740
00:30:21,071 --> 00:30:23,406
Okay, I'm on.
741
00:30:24,115 --> 00:30:25,593
Yep.
742
00:30:25,617 --> 00:30:27,428
So, ease up on it, just
use your weight, yep...
743
00:30:27,452 --> 00:30:30,389
So the next test is let's
look at, what, what if they
744
00:30:30,413 --> 00:30:32,224
just did the natural next thing.
745
00:30:32,248 --> 00:30:34,810
Try to solve this problem
without tipping the raft...
746
00:30:34,834 --> 00:30:35,978
Okay. So, you go up first.
747
00:30:36,002 --> 00:30:37,837
Okay.
748
00:30:39,047 --> 00:30:41,216
Okay, you try to shift
and a little over.
749
00:30:41,549 --> 00:30:43,694
Okay, shift around to the end so
750
00:30:43,718 --> 00:30:45,553
you're coming in on the end.
751
00:30:46,554 --> 00:30:48,574
Find your balance.
752
00:30:48,598 --> 00:30:50,558
All right.
753
00:30:51,810 --> 00:30:53,537
All right?
754
00:30:53,561 --> 00:30:54,872
Pretty unstable...
755
00:30:54,896 --> 00:30:56,314
All right!
756
00:30:58,525 --> 00:31:01,378
It doesn't look like
it's a roaring success.
757
00:31:01,402 --> 00:31:03,798
He says, "All right, I'm
just gonna try that again
758
00:31:03,822 --> 00:31:05,925
a little slower and
I'm gonna creep up."
759
00:31:05,949 --> 00:31:08,677
So he just creeps up and he
gets his upper body kinda as
760
00:31:08,701 --> 00:31:11,287
much out of the
water as possible.
761
00:31:12,664 --> 00:31:13,766
Feels pretty stable, huh?
762
00:31:13,790 --> 00:31:15,142
Stability-wise, it's fine.
763
00:31:15,166 --> 00:31:17,812
So if a swell came along,
kind of bounced you
764
00:31:17,836 --> 00:31:19,271
a little bit,
you're okay, right?
765
00:31:19,295 --> 00:31:20,648
Yeah.
766
00:31:20,672 --> 00:31:22,149
Jack and Rose are able
to get on the raft,
767
00:31:22,173 --> 00:31:25,111
but now they're both
submerged in dangerous levels
768
00:31:25,135 --> 00:31:26,862
of freezing water.
769
00:31:26,886 --> 00:31:30,032
We started with her putting
her arm around him...
770
00:31:30,056 --> 00:31:31,826
Um, go for it.
771
00:31:31,850 --> 00:31:34,537
Go for it, as long as you feel
that you're stable on the raft.
772
00:31:34,561 --> 00:31:36,789
But it actually pushed
him down and his chest was
773
00:31:36,813 --> 00:31:39,166
awash in the water and he
was losing a lot of heat
774
00:31:39,190 --> 00:31:40,668
through the front.
775
00:31:40,692 --> 00:31:44,046
He is still cooling down
quite a bit more than Rose.
776
00:31:44,070 --> 00:31:46,423
What if Jack put
his arm around her?
777
00:31:46,447 --> 00:31:49,677
Lifted his chest up and
put her more at risk.
778
00:31:49,701 --> 00:31:50,785
Oh yeah, I feel cold!
779
00:31:52,579 --> 00:31:54,056
If you think about
it from character,
780
00:31:54,080 --> 00:31:57,977
he would have wanted to protect
her as much as possible.
781
00:31:58,001 --> 00:32:00,521
How's Jack's core
temperature doing?
782
00:32:00,545 --> 00:32:02,022
Steadily dropping. Mm-hmm.
783
00:32:02,046 --> 00:32:04,733
Slower than yesterday
when he was more immersed,
784
00:32:04,757 --> 00:32:06,527
but he's still creeping down.
785
00:32:06,551 --> 00:32:08,028
Okay.
786
00:32:08,052 --> 00:32:10,322
That's, that's yesterday,
that's today, right?
787
00:32:10,346 --> 00:32:12,199
He's going down continuously...
788
00:32:12,223 --> 00:32:14,577
Mm-hmm. But at a slower rate.
789
00:32:14,601 --> 00:32:16,954
With Rose you can see
there's almost no difference
790
00:32:16,978 --> 00:32:20,040
between her baseline
experiment yesterday and today.
791
00:32:20,064 --> 00:32:21,667
I would have expected more,
792
00:32:21,691 --> 00:32:24,420
but it's obviously not
getting to her core, right?
793
00:32:24,444 --> 00:32:28,424
'Cause he was still getting
pretty cold, pretty fast.
794
00:32:28,448 --> 00:32:30,467
So the question is, how
do we save his life?
795
00:32:30,491 --> 00:32:32,469
How do we get this curve up.
796
00:32:32,493 --> 00:32:33,929
Yep. Right?
797
00:32:33,953 --> 00:32:36,098
How do we get him
up where she is?
798
00:32:36,122 --> 00:32:40,686
My pals over at Mythbusters
opined that, "Oh well, they
799
00:32:40,710 --> 00:32:42,813
could have just solved the
problem because the buoyancy
800
00:32:42,837 --> 00:32:45,482
that she was carrying
wasn't doing them any good
801
00:32:45,506 --> 00:32:46,984
out of the water..."
802
00:32:47,008 --> 00:32:48,402
You're wearing a lifejacket.
803
00:32:48,426 --> 00:32:51,572
What say if Rose spreads
some of her buoyancy around.
804
00:32:51,596 --> 00:32:53,782
Let's put it underneath
this thing and get every bit
805
00:32:53,806 --> 00:32:55,117
we can out of it."
806
00:32:55,141 --> 00:32:56,535
So we tried that.
807
00:32:56,559 --> 00:32:59,079
The task is going to be to
work together to take her
808
00:32:59,103 --> 00:33:02,082
lifejacket off and put
it underneath the raft.
809
00:33:02,106 --> 00:33:04,752
Think for a moment about what
a lifejacket does, it's just
810
00:33:04,776 --> 00:33:08,964
to get your mouth out of the
water so you can breathe.
811
00:33:08,988 --> 00:33:11,884
So it takes you
from here to here.
812
00:33:11,908 --> 00:33:14,094
It doesn't lift
your entire weight,
813
00:33:14,118 --> 00:33:16,222
so let's say Jack
weighed 170 pounds,
814
00:33:16,246 --> 00:33:17,890
he doesn't have
170 pounds of lift
815
00:33:17,914 --> 00:33:19,874
available if he's
wearing a lifejacket.
816
00:33:20,667 --> 00:33:23,103
Buoyancy that it's
generating is so, so little.
817
00:33:23,127 --> 00:33:26,649
I, I don't see a big
difference by eye.
818
00:33:26,673 --> 00:33:29,526
Your greatest loss here
would be, would be losing it.
819
00:33:29,550 --> 00:33:31,862
Also, with Rose without
a lifejacket with
820
00:33:31,886 --> 00:33:35,574
her big coat and dress on,
she would just go down.
821
00:33:35,598 --> 00:33:38,702
The lifejacket thing
was, was a waste of time.
822
00:33:38,726 --> 00:33:41,872
I think for the degree to
which it compromised her
823
00:33:41,896 --> 00:33:45,566
safety by taking it off,
it added very little.
824
00:33:47,485 --> 00:33:49,046
It's not doing anything.
825
00:33:49,070 --> 00:33:51,423
You'd be better keeping it
on her and not using it for
826
00:33:51,447 --> 00:33:54,200
buoyancy but try using it
for thermal insulation.
827
00:33:55,159 --> 00:33:57,930
So we can bust that myth, guys.
828
00:33:57,954 --> 00:33:59,682
Sorry.
829
00:33:59,706 --> 00:34:02,685
Our tests at the hypothermia
lab showed that if Jack had
830
00:34:02,709 --> 00:34:05,479
climbed onto the raft
with Rose, they would have
831
00:34:05,503 --> 00:34:09,132
both been partially
submerged in freezing water.
832
00:34:10,258 --> 00:34:12,111
He would still have died
before the rescue boat
833
00:34:12,135 --> 00:34:14,405
arrived two hours later.
834
00:34:14,429 --> 00:34:16,597
And she might have died, too.
835
00:34:17,849 --> 00:34:19,785
But if Jack and Rose
knew what we know today
836
00:34:19,809 --> 00:34:23,521
about hypothermia, could
they both have survived?
837
00:34:25,606 --> 00:34:28,419
What would it be like if
we just do the best case?
838
00:34:28,443 --> 00:34:31,255
Best case that we can imagine
is they both kneel on the raft,
839
00:34:31,279 --> 00:34:35,342
facing each other, use their
body heat together, you know,
840
00:34:35,366 --> 00:34:38,721
kind of in an embrace,
and she shares her heat
841
00:34:38,745 --> 00:34:40,597
with him and vice-versa
and they kind of insulate,
842
00:34:40,621 --> 00:34:43,475
they huddle against the,
the elements, right?
843
00:34:43,499 --> 00:34:46,270
So we get them on the raft, we
try to do that, guess what...
844
00:34:46,294 --> 00:34:47,896
Pretty unstable...
845
00:34:47,920 --> 00:34:49,398
All right!
846
00:34:49,422 --> 00:34:50,691
It ain't happening.
847
00:34:50,715 --> 00:34:52,318
That thing's way too unstable.
848
00:34:52,342 --> 00:34:54,320
I'm, I'm using quite
a lot of energy just
849
00:34:54,344 --> 00:34:56,322
trying to keep...
850
00:34:56,346 --> 00:34:58,824
So Jim Cotter, in this
situation, is them using
851
00:34:58,848 --> 00:35:01,535
energy to stay balanced working
for them or against them?
852
00:35:01,559 --> 00:35:02,703
No, against.
853
00:35:02,727 --> 00:35:04,163
Any muscle that's
having to move is,
854
00:35:04,187 --> 00:35:06,540
needs a little more blood,
that's taking the heat away.
855
00:35:06,564 --> 00:35:07,750
Right. Okay.
856
00:35:07,774 --> 00:35:08,792
A bit more heat production,
857
00:35:08,816 --> 00:35:10,669
but proportionally
more heat loss.
858
00:35:10,693 --> 00:35:13,380
The only real thing is if
somehow Jack could keep
859
00:35:13,404 --> 00:35:15,758
his whole trunk outta the water.
860
00:35:15,782 --> 00:35:18,427
But, they did manage to
find a stable position,
861
00:35:18,451 --> 00:35:21,430
with a little bit of trying,
where their upper bodies
862
00:35:21,454 --> 00:35:22,973
were out of the
water, both of them,
863
00:35:22,997 --> 00:35:25,917
and that's when it
got interesting.
864
00:35:30,213 --> 00:35:34,109
Out of the water, that violent
shaking was helping him.
865
00:35:34,133 --> 00:35:37,071
His curve now was above
the other two curves.
866
00:35:37,095 --> 00:35:42,308
And projecting it out, he coulda
made it pretty long, like hours.
867
00:35:43,351 --> 00:35:47,164
But the interesting thing was,
he's taking buoyancy from her,
868
00:35:47,188 --> 00:35:49,708
getting into a threshold
where he can live,
869
00:35:49,732 --> 00:35:51,460
that's not affecting her.
870
00:35:51,484 --> 00:35:54,588
We saw that, that Kristen
wasn't violently shaking
871
00:35:54,612 --> 00:35:56,131
the way he was.
872
00:35:56,155 --> 00:35:58,217
Her core was still
in pretty good shape,
873
00:35:58,241 --> 00:35:59,593
because of all her insulation.
874
00:35:59,617 --> 00:36:03,097
But he never gets anywhere
near up where she is.
875
00:36:03,121 --> 00:36:06,433
The best thing we came up with
was them trying to keep their,
876
00:36:06,457 --> 00:36:08,560
their body out of
the water, right?
877
00:36:08,584 --> 00:36:10,270
Their, their core.
878
00:36:10,294 --> 00:36:11,814
I really learned something
interesting here.
879
00:36:11,838 --> 00:36:13,732
Is when you shiver and
shake like that underwater,
880
00:36:13,756 --> 00:36:16,151
it's conducting away
heat very rapidly.
881
00:36:16,175 --> 00:36:17,945
But when you do it
in air, above water,
882
00:36:17,969 --> 00:36:19,029
it's actually working for you.
883
00:36:19,053 --> 00:36:21,097
Cold?
884
00:36:22,890 --> 00:36:24,952
And then survival time for
him depends on him being
885
00:36:24,976 --> 00:36:26,703
able to keep shivering.
886
00:36:26,727 --> 00:36:28,887
Now remember you just have
to do this for another hour.
887
00:36:29,230 --> 00:36:31,500
If that plateau could have
lasted long enough to get to
888
00:36:31,524 --> 00:36:33,502
where the boat came
back to rescue them,
889
00:36:33,526 --> 00:36:35,212
he might have made it.
890
00:36:35,236 --> 00:36:36,213
He has got a chance.
891
00:36:36,237 --> 00:36:38,048
That's, that's all we can say.
892
00:36:38,072 --> 00:36:41,593
But that sort of best-case
scenario was kind of
893
00:36:41,617 --> 00:36:44,138
a fantasy, because they
didn't really go through all
894
00:36:44,162 --> 00:36:47,015
the stuff that our characters
are seen doing before they got
895
00:36:47,039 --> 00:36:50,352
to that, they didn't just magically
teleport themselves to the raft.
896
00:36:50,376 --> 00:36:53,355
So now let's do the real
test, let's put them
897
00:36:53,379 --> 00:36:55,941
through a simulation of
all of the things that
898
00:36:55,965 --> 00:36:57,776
Jack and Rose went through.
899
00:36:57,800 --> 00:37:01,780
So we did exactly what,
what they did, in the movie,
900
00:37:01,804 --> 00:37:05,033
except that we doubled the
time for every stage of it
901
00:37:05,057 --> 00:37:07,059
because our water
wasn't as cold.
902
00:37:07,852 --> 00:37:12,315
Going into 28 degree water,
and that just makes you gasp.
903
00:37:13,900 --> 00:37:16,628
And that's the cold shock, that
accelerates the heart rate,
904
00:37:16,652 --> 00:37:18,255
constricts blood vessels
so your blood pressure
905
00:37:18,279 --> 00:37:19,781
goes up immediately...
906
00:37:21,866 --> 00:37:23,761
And a guy pushes her under...
907
00:37:23,785 --> 00:37:25,846
One one thousand,
two one thousand...
908
00:37:25,870 --> 00:37:27,181
Back up!
909
00:37:27,205 --> 00:37:29,141
One one thousand,
two one thousand
910
00:37:29,165 --> 00:37:31,226
and Jack, save me!
911
00:37:31,250 --> 00:37:32,394
Jack!
912
00:37:32,418 --> 00:37:33,771
Rose!
913
00:37:33,795 --> 00:37:35,022
Jack swims over...
914
00:37:35,046 --> 00:37:36,023
Jack!
915
00:37:36,047 --> 00:37:38,007
And one...
916
00:37:40,009 --> 00:37:42,654
Two...
917
00:37:42,678 --> 00:37:43,864
Three!
918
00:37:43,888 --> 00:37:45,199
All right, swim Rose!
919
00:37:45,223 --> 00:37:47,117
And the faster your
heart's beating, the faster
920
00:37:47,141 --> 00:37:50,954
that cooling blood from
your arms and legs is coming
921
00:37:50,978 --> 00:37:53,540
into your core, taking
your temperature down.
922
00:37:53,564 --> 00:37:55,542
So I was really curious
to see what that did
923
00:37:55,566 --> 00:37:57,628
to Jack's situation.
924
00:37:57,652 --> 00:38:00,905
And it's pretty interesting.
925
00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:08,972
What we saw was that he got
up on there and he immediately
926
00:38:08,996 --> 00:38:12,809
went into the really strong
shaking shivering, right?
927
00:38:12,833 --> 00:38:14,478
The two big factors.
928
00:38:14,502 --> 00:38:17,648
Still having enough dexterity
and power in their limbs to get
929
00:38:17,672 --> 00:38:18,649
onto the raft...
930
00:38:18,673 --> 00:38:20,192
Right.
931
00:38:20,216 --> 00:38:22,903
And still being warm enough
to actually shiver intensely.
932
00:38:22,927 --> 00:38:25,239
Now if she saw him
shivering like that and that
933
00:38:25,263 --> 00:38:28,534
he was in worse shape than
her, she might get the idea
934
00:38:28,558 --> 00:38:32,579
to give him the lifejacket
as an insulator.
935
00:38:32,603 --> 00:38:33,705
Wouldn't you try to help him?
936
00:38:33,729 --> 00:38:34,915
Oh, for sure! Okay.
937
00:38:34,939 --> 00:38:37,066
All right, let's
go for that then.
938
00:38:38,025 --> 00:38:40,444
Number one is stability.
939
00:38:42,822 --> 00:38:44,841
Keep the balance,
keep the balance...
940
00:38:44,865 --> 00:38:46,659
Yep.
941
00:38:46,993 --> 00:38:49,203
All right.
942
00:38:52,373 --> 00:38:54,268
He had a dramatic
decrease initially after
943
00:38:54,292 --> 00:38:57,354
the swim and since he's been
up here shivering aggressively
944
00:38:57,378 --> 00:38:59,273
like this he's
stabilizing somewhat,
945
00:38:59,297 --> 00:39:02,693
he's still coming down, but
this is definitely a better...
946
00:39:02,717 --> 00:39:03,735
It's the knee in the curve.
947
00:39:03,759 --> 00:39:04,736
Yeah. Yeah.
948
00:39:04,760 --> 00:39:06,655
He went down, he went way down,
949
00:39:06,679 --> 00:39:09,157
he went way down
to our baseline,
950
00:39:09,181 --> 00:39:13,036
which is our worst-case scenario
with his body fully immersed.
951
00:39:13,060 --> 00:39:16,164
So this is probably our
most accurate line for what
952
00:39:16,188 --> 00:39:19,710
our characters are supposed
to have experienced, and then
953
00:39:19,734 --> 00:39:22,462
he starts to inflect up and
kind of stabilizes up kind of
954
00:39:22,486 --> 00:39:24,965
halfway between our
mid-case and our best-case.
955
00:39:24,989 --> 00:39:26,341
Yeah.
956
00:39:26,365 --> 00:39:28,635
He was shivering quite
aggressively and that seemed
957
00:39:28,659 --> 00:39:29,970
to protect him and
he was actually...
958
00:39:29,994 --> 00:39:32,139
It looks almost
like on the upswing.
959
00:39:32,163 --> 00:39:36,351
And he pulled up a little
bit and he stabilized.
960
00:39:36,375 --> 00:39:38,895
He got into a place where
if we projected that out,
961
00:39:38,919 --> 00:39:42,608
he just might have made it
until the lifeboat got there.
962
00:39:42,632 --> 00:39:44,735
But what's interesting
is there's actually a, a,
963
00:39:44,759 --> 00:39:47,863
a precedent for it in
the, in the history.
964
00:39:47,887 --> 00:39:52,868
There was a Chinese passenger
who was found drifting on a,
965
00:39:52,892 --> 00:39:54,828
on a piece of wooden debris.
966
00:39:54,852 --> 00:39:56,371
We actually shot that scene.
967
00:39:56,395 --> 00:39:59,416
My assistant at the time was a
guy named Van Ling, and I said,
968
00:39:59,440 --> 00:40:01,126
"Van, get in the water!"
969
00:40:01,150 --> 00:40:04,528
So Van got out there and was
yelling in Mandarin to be rescued.
970
00:40:06,489 --> 00:40:08,467
Cold water!
971
00:40:08,491 --> 00:40:10,969
So and that's kinda what I based
the whole Jack and Rose thing on,
972
00:40:10,993 --> 00:40:13,180
it's like, okay, if you can get
on a piece of wooden debris,
973
00:40:13,204 --> 00:40:14,640
you can live longer.
974
00:40:14,664 --> 00:40:16,832
Bring him in quickly!
Aye, aye, sir!
975
00:40:18,376 --> 00:40:22,356
Final verdict, Jack
might have lived...
976
00:40:22,380 --> 00:40:24,316
But there's a lot of variables.
977
00:40:24,340 --> 00:40:26,276
How much swell is there,
how long does it take
978
00:40:26,300 --> 00:40:27,986
the boat to get there...
979
00:40:28,010 --> 00:40:31,114
In a well-lit experiment in a
test pool, we can't possibly
980
00:40:31,138 --> 00:40:34,326
simulate the terror,
the adrenaline,
981
00:40:34,350 --> 00:40:37,245
all the things that would
have worked against them.
982
00:40:37,269 --> 00:40:38,997
Get on it.
983
00:40:39,021 --> 00:40:40,856
Get on top.
984
00:40:42,066 --> 00:40:43,251
He couldn't have
anticipated what
985
00:40:43,275 --> 00:40:45,528
we know today about hypothermia.
986
00:40:47,071 --> 00:40:49,466
He didn't get to run a bunch
of different experiments
987
00:40:49,490 --> 00:40:51,385
to see what worked the best.
988
00:40:51,409 --> 00:40:54,221
Jack's survival might have
come at the price of her life.
989
00:40:54,245 --> 00:40:59,017
You know, there was a, a code of
chivalry that men had in those days.
990
00:40:59,041 --> 00:41:00,268
Get on it. Stay on it.
991
00:41:00,292 --> 00:41:02,896
Add to it his
individual character.
992
00:41:02,920 --> 00:41:06,108
He's in love with her,
a grand epic love,
993
00:41:06,132 --> 00:41:08,193
which is self-sacrificial.
994
00:41:08,217 --> 00:41:09,820
I think his thought process
was, I'm not going to
995
00:41:09,844 --> 00:41:12,030
do one thing that
jeopardizes her.
996
00:41:12,054 --> 00:41:14,032
There's x amount of buoyancy.
997
00:41:14,056 --> 00:41:15,575
I'm not going to take any of it.
998
00:41:15,599 --> 00:41:18,269
I'm not going to
jeopardize her life.
999
00:41:19,270 --> 00:41:21,248
And that's 100% in character.
1000
00:41:21,272 --> 00:41:22,833
Now we are talking
about a fictional story,
1001
00:41:22,857 --> 00:41:24,543
I do want to remind people.
1002
00:41:24,567 --> 00:41:26,420
So based on what I know
today I would've made
1003
00:41:26,444 --> 00:41:27,695
the raft smaller...
1004
00:41:28,946 --> 00:41:31,115
So there's no doubt.
1005
00:41:32,283 --> 00:41:35,137
What can it tell us about
the Titanic sinking?
1006
00:41:35,161 --> 00:41:36,346
Probably a lot.
1007
00:41:36,370 --> 00:41:37,848
If people are still
interested in Titanic,
1008
00:41:37,872 --> 00:41:39,725
and they want to see
what we're doing here,
1009
00:41:39,749 --> 00:41:41,852
they might learn something
about hypothermia.
1010
00:41:41,876 --> 00:41:43,645
There might be one person
out there, in the audience,
1011
00:41:43,669 --> 00:41:45,939
that remembers what they see and
it actually saves their life.
1012
00:41:45,963 --> 00:41:47,357
Who knows?
1013
00:41:47,381 --> 00:41:48,608
But if nothing else, it
gives you an appreciation of
1014
00:41:48,632 --> 00:41:50,193
what those people went through.
1015
00:41:50,217 --> 00:41:53,196
You know, so, from my
perspective it's about
1016
00:41:53,220 --> 00:41:55,323
preserving the
history of Titanic,
1017
00:41:55,347 --> 00:41:57,033
understanding that
it was a real event
1018
00:41:57,057 --> 00:41:59,578
that took place, and
1500 people died.
1019
00:41:59,602 --> 00:42:01,621
And they died horribly and
not the way people think.
1020
00:42:01,645 --> 00:42:03,005
Captioned by "Cotter Media Group".